10 requisitos para visa E2 de inversionistas para USA

10 requisitos para visa E2 de inversionistas para USA La visa E-2 permite a los empresarios extranjeros que invierten en Estados Unidosâ y a sus familias vivir y trabajar legalmente en el paã ­s. El emprendedor o emprendedora y su cã ³nyuge podrn permanecer en Estados Unidos indefinidamente mientras se cumplan tasks los requisitos de la visa. Los hijos del emprendedor podrn permanecer en los Estados Unidos con una visa derivada del estatus de inversionista de su padre o madre mientras permanezcan solteros y tengan menos de 21 aã ±os cumplidos. Los titulares de una visa E-2 podrã ­an incluso solicitar unaâ visa B-1 para losâ empleados domã ©sticos que ya tienen en el paã ­s de origen y que quieren que les acompaã ±en an Estados Unidos, como por ejemplo niã ±eras de los hijos. Caracterã ­sticas y requisitos de la visa E2 para inversionista en Estados Unidos Si estâ interesado en vivir en Estados Unidos y tiene dinero para invertir una cantidad moderada y habilidades para gestionar un negocio, la E2 puede ser la visa adecuada. Bets de comenzar el proceso conviene saber las caracterã ­sticas bsicas y requisitos de la visa: 1. Es una visa no inmigrante. Esto quiere decir que debe ser renovada periã ³dicamente y que no es una tarjeta de residenciaâ (tambiã ©n conocida como greencard). La visa E2 tampoco ofrece un camino directo hacia la residencia lawful permanente ni la ciudadanã ­a History of the U.S. 2. Se trata de convertirse en propietario de un negocio. El negocio se puede crear partiendo de cero o tambiã ©n es posible comprar un negocio ya existente. Incluso es posible utilizar estas visas para enviar a trabajar an empleados de una empresa an una subsidiaria de la misma en Estados Unidos. Lo que no se permite es aplicar por la E-2 para gestionar un negocio que se ha heredado en Estados Unidos. El negocio sã ­ puede ser una franquicia. Estas child las consideras como las 10 mejores franquicias en el paã ­s. 3. El negocio debe ser genuine y activo. Debe producir un bien o un servicio. Adems, debe contar con tasks los permisos y licencias necesarios para operar. No puede tratarse de una organizaciã ³n sin fines de lucro. Estos child 21 ejemplos de negocios realesâ creados por inversionistas con visa E-2. Y para darle forma jurã ­dica, estos child los 10 tipos de empresas que existen en Estados Unidos. En este punto es muy importante entender que una inversiã ³n inmobiliaria por sã ­ misma no es suficiente para poder solicitar u obtener la visa E-2. Es necesario que se trate de un negocio inmobiliario. 4. Tamaã ±o del negocio. La ley guarda silencio en este punto y no exige un tamaã ±o mã ­nimo. Sin ban, sã ­ es estrictamente necesario que genere beneficios que van ms all de meramente cubrir los gastos y necesidades del inversor y su familia. Es ms, se pide que se produzca lo que se denomina una contribuciã ³n importante a la economã ­a. Este requisito se suele considerar como cumplido cuando el negocio genera empleo contratando a ciudadanos americanos. En la presentaciã ³n de la documentaciã ³n para solicitar la visa habr que presentar un plan de negocio a cinco aã ±os en el que se contemple el nã ºmero de puestos de trabajo que se van a crear. Por lo tanto, es muy importante que la empresa ocean exitosa. Por ello conviene conocer cules child los estados en los que es ms fcil hacer negociosâ y cules child los ms dificultosos. 5. Cantidad an invertir. La ley no establece una cantidad mã ­nima pero habla de que tiene que ser substancial, que puede variar segã ºn el tipo de negocio. Infã ³rmese sobre el significado de este requisito de cantidad. 6. Paã ­ses de los que debe ser nacional el inversor. Estos child los paã ­ses de habla hispana cuyos nacionales pueden aplicar an esta visa: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Espaã ±a, Honduras, Mã ©xico, Panam y Paraguay. Puede tambiã ©nâ verificar el listado de tasks los paã ­ses, cã ³mo afecta la doble nacionalidad y obtener ms informaciã ³n sobre el monto de la inversiã ³n. 7. Origen del dinero de la inversiã ³n. Obviamente, debe ser lawful. Adems, debe pertenecer al inversionista (ahorros, herencias, inversiones) o incluso pueden llegar an admitirse prã ©stamos. 8. Familia del inversionista. El esposo, la esposa y los hijos menores de 21 aã ±os de los inversionistas pueden contar con una visa derivada para vivir en Estados Unidos. El cã ³nyuge podr solicitar, una vez en Estados Unidos, un permiso de trabajo que le permitir trabajar para otra empresa, para la de su pareja o incluso crear su propio negocio. Los hijos solo podrn gozar de esta visa hasta los 21 aã ±os, a partir de esa edad tendrn que salir del paã ­s o contar con otro visado que les permita permanecer en Estados Unidos. Por su edad probablemente estn en edad escolar. Es muy importante familiarizarse con el sistema educativo cuanto risks. 9. Es una visa posible pero complicada. Es altamente recomendable contactar con un bufete de abogados especialistas en este tipo de casos risks de hacer cualquier inversiã ³n en Estados Unidos con intenciã ³n de conseguir esta visa. El abogado debe, como mã ­nimo, ofrecer servicio de anlisis del negocio y si puede calificar para obtener la aprobaciã ³n de las autoridades de inmigraciã ³n. Tambiã ©n debe completar toda la documentaciã ³n, colaborar en la preparaciã ³n de la entrevista que se va a llevar a cabo en el consulado correspondiente, y resolver todas las dudas del potencial inversor referentes an inmigraciã ³n. El abogado debe ser el punto de contacto con las oficinas del gobierno para resolver los problemas que puedan surgir durante el proceso. Si es posible, el interesado debe contactar a ms de un profesional y comparar servicios y reputaciã ³n en esta clase de casos, que child muy especã ­ficos. 10. Diferencias con la visa EB-5. Ambas child visas para inversionistas, pero la E-2 es de no inmigrante mientras que la EB-5 da derecho an obtener una tarjeta de residencia. Adems, feed una gran diferencia en los requisitos de la cantidad de inversiã ³n entre una y otra. A tener en cuenta: otras opciones de visa y de paã ­ses Una visa comparable pero diferente es la E-1 para comerciantes bajo tratado. Est pensada para los negocios de importaciã ³n/exportaciã ³n. En los casos en los que ni la E-1 ni la E-2 child una opciã ³n, usted puede considerar estosâ 8 posibles caminos para obtener una visa y crear una empresa en Estados Unidos. Adems, si est dispuesto an emigrar an un paã ­s que no ocean Estados Unidos, tambiã ©nâ conviene que se familiarice con los programas de estos 20 paã ­ses en los que es posible obtener la ciudadanã ­a (pasaporte) oâ la residencia por inversiã ³n. Si finalmente la decisiã ³n es Estados Unidos, es importante que se familiarice cuando bets con aspectos legales, migratorios y econã ³micos del paã ­s. Elâ conocimiento a tiempo har la vida ms fcil y fluida. Si el inversor se choose a solicitar la visa, una vez que llenar la peticiã ³n puede verificar por su estatus por web. Este es un artã ­culo informativo. No es asesorã ­a lawful.

Gender roles in Society free essay sample

Every general public has double restrictions as in manly and ladylike jobs and the set up values have little to do with nature and everything to do with culture. Also, the standards and differentiations of manly and ladylike exercises and practices are fortified and reclassified through ground-breaking social standards of a specific period. In Medieval and early Modern Europe social orders, sex jobs were unmistakably characterized by the solid winning social structure of the period and were continually changing a result of chronicled conditions. For instance, in the Greek old city of Sparta, manliness as a perfect was carefully connected with the qualities of being genuinely incredible, steadfast warriors while womanliness was identified with marriage and reproduction. In the High Middle Ages, France’s social structure regarded that a respectable manly job could incorporate turning out to be either an individual from the congregation or a knight though an honorable female†™s job fundamentally centered around learning an alternate arrangement of local aptitudes. By the sixteenth through the nineteenth hundreds of years, social standards started to connect manliness with proficient abilities and training while ladies were restricted in these spaces dependent on their sexual orientation. In light of this structure, this exposition will look at and investigate sexual orientation jobs starting with Medieval Sparta through the early Modern Europe time frame and how manly and ladylike jobs were ceaselessly being reclassified in view of verifiable conditions. Manliness as a perfect in the Greek old city of Sparta was solely founded on young men growing up to be solid, devoted, and steadfast warriors since Sparta was a warrior society. In the film narrative entitled The Spartans, Narrator Bettany Hughes clarifies how the young men of Sparta arrived at these grandiose objectives. She expresses that when young men arrived at the age of seven, they started agogeâ€a term meaning a sort of military trainingâ€that the city-state controlled. The agoge showed young men endurance and fieldcraft abilities as a way to shield the city-state from intrusions. Besides, when a male turned twelve, the men responsible for the preparation regiment authorized the act of pederasty (gay) in light of the fact that the most significant manly attribute for men to have was the capacity to demonstrate relentless devotion to one’s military unit. This sort of male uniquely must be performed in light of the fact that the city-state accepted this was the best way to guarantee warriors shaped a total and unbreakable bond with one another and joined the city-state. At twenty years old, Hughes expresses that guys got their soul changing experience to warrior status and heâ now has gained the benefit of setting off to the regular wreckage and sharing a syssitia, a typical dinner, with the other prepared warriors. While manliness was related with physical quality and dependability, the beliefs of womanliness in Spartan culture concentrated on dealing with the family unit obligations while likewise spending endless hours culminating their bodies and speech abilities through vivacious bores and preparing. In like manner, Hushes affirms that Spartan ladies gloated about how they were as truly fit as their male partners and displayed their speech abilities when out in the open region. Furthermore, Hughes expresses that after marriage a woman’s sexual orientation job comprised of bringing forth the same number of sound guys as possibleâ€the up and coming age of solid, fit warriors. Be that as it may, wedded lady didn't have authorization to live with her significant other until his dynamic military assistance finished at age of thirty. Also, Hughes guarantees that a woman’s job in Sparta was not confined to just multiplication. Gentility was related with financial force since ladies controlled the entirety of the family unit accounts while their spouses were away getting ready for war. The sex jobs in antiquated city of Sparta were carefully characterized on the grounds that being a male implied that he should learn male predominant characteristics so as to turn into a h eavy warrior though gentility exclusively centered around the requirement for reproduction. During the High Middle Ages, in spite of the fact that France was viewed as a warrior society, the way to adulthood for honorable young men was not at all like that of Spartan young men. In Constance Bouchard content entitled Strong of Body, Brave and Noble, she clarifies that once a kid came to between the ages of six to eight, he too spent the remainder of his youth not at home while learning manly qualities (148). Be that as it may, not the same as Spartan culture where the city-state implemented just a single alternative, a boy’s guardians had two manly situations to look over. One decision was to have their child become an individual from the ministry. On the off chance that his folks chose a ministerial life, the kid would start his strict preparing around a similar time as a cutting edge kid would begin grade school (Bouchard 148). Guardians likewise needed to choose whether they needed their child to grow up to turn into a priest or be an individual from the mainstream pastorate. For the principal alternative, the guardians would send him to a cloister and â€Å"boys given to religious communities were called â€Å"oblates,† from the Latin word implying that ‘which is offered.† Thus the oblation itself was required to a beneficial outcome on the parents’ sought after salvation† (148-149). On the other hand, if guardians settled on the aboy being an individual from the mainstream ministry, at that point they would send him to a place of groups (Bouchard 148-149). When the kid arrived at his teenager years, he was then allowed to settle on his own official choice with respect to his deep rooted pledge to the congregation, however once in a while did a kid experiencing childhood in a congregation setting decide to leave for a common life (Bouchard 148). The other manly honorable job in France was to become militeâ€a term significance knight (Bouchard 11). A boy’s preparing would ordinarily rake place at his father’s lord’s manor and a tally may gather the children from a few castellans of his reign for preparing in anticipation of guaranteeing deep rooted dedication from the young men (Bouchard 77). Military characteristics of medieval France, similar to Spartan traditions, comprised of constantly improving a male’s fight abilities during competitions to guarantee availability in light of the fact that the warrior aptitudes young men obtained would later be utilized in wartime when they arrived at masculinity (Bouchard 78). Additionally, Bouchard states that acquiring war battling aptitudes was a key part of manliness: â€Å"in the twelfth century, all nobles would have concurred that their warrior preparing and expertise in arms were imperative to their status. They gloried in their boldness, unwaveringness, and crude strength† (109). Before the finish of the twelfth century, consolidating the craftsmanship gallantry extended the meaning of respectable manliness in France. Dissimilar to Spartan men who were just decided on the fortitude and quality, gallantry or â€Å"courtesy† was likewise anticipated from an elegant knight. The valor ethics included: being an unassuming Christian, demonstrating consideration toward ladies, having delicate and refined discourse, and having aptitudes in moving, singing and chasing (Bouchard 110). Bouchard clarifies the standards of gallantry as: â€Å"Whatever its different traits, late twelfth-and thirteenth-century valor was an aggregate of thoughts and goals that celebrated and praised welfare† (109). Being a respectable male in France in the High Middle Ages required acquiring warrior a similar warrior properties of that of Spartan just as the craft of valor so as to hold fast to honorable social standards of the period. Honorable ladylike standards in medieval France were like Spartan culture with respect to multiplication, however respectable female personality likewise included learning and executing another arrangement of local aptitudes. Therefore, respectable young ladies must be instructed in château the executives from the exact second they were mature enough to follow their moms to the kitchen, to the treasury, and to the grain store canisters since when an honorable young lady married, which was at an age significantly more youthful than her maleâ counterpart, she may abruptly turn into the woman of the manor (Bouchard 98). Moreover, Bouchard’s content resources: â€Å"The most explicitly female aptitude was embroidery. The distaff, used to turn fleece into string, had long an image for ladies, and the fine women in the sentiments routinely invested their energy in sewing and embroidery† (75). Besides, if honorable young lady got elegant instruction, her ladylike characteristics would likewise incorporate the capacity to sing and conceivably even play an instrument. By the by, Bouchard stresses, â€Å"household the executives aptitudes were certainly the most significant piece of an honorable girl’s training† (75). Plainly, in medieval France the domineering job of honorable ladies as the cherishing and dedicated homemakers was the standard. By the sixteenth century, a male’s job not, at this point concentrated on getting warrior traits; rather, manliness was likened with using his knowledge while womanliness despite everything concentrated on ripeness and parenthood. During the early current witch-chases, numerous Germans expected that the act of black magic was devastating the social texture of some random network. Lyndal Roper’s content entitled Witch Craze, gives proof that male cross examiners depended on their expository abilities as a way to reestablish social request. For instance, a male investigative specialist needed to have broad information on the kinds of testing inquiries to pose to the denounced witch and when to stop the scrutinizing procedure to guarantee a liable request was prospective from the blamed witch. Roper composes: â€Å"In a significant number of the cross examinations it is obvious that the methods of addressing and of torment were intended to carry the denounced witch to an emergency, when she would at long last concede in any event to a component of guilt† (48). Along these lines, the cross examination process didn't depend on the Spartan manly perfect of ‘might makes right,’ yet rather required a man’s capacity to utilize his mind and expository aptitudes so as to spare the town fro

How to Write an Essay For College Application

How to Write an Essay For College ApplicationSometimes, it can be difficult to figure out the best way to write an essay for a college application. In this article, I will explain some of the key points that you need to remember in order to get the right message across.First, you want to make sure that your essay is not just a laundry list of facts. The essay is not meant to be a full-blown research paper. Instead, it should simply present information in a format that is easy to read and understand. This can be done by breaking down information into simple sections, starting with a one-sentence introduction.Your introduction should contain a compelling statement of purpose. This statement should be short and powerful, making it stand out from all of the rest of the information. You also want to make sure that it contains no false statements or exaggerations. Use specific examples to demonstrate the point you are trying to make. You do not want to use generalizations or 'maybe someday ' statements.The second part of the essay is the content. This part should be brief and to the point. It should primarily discuss how you think you have done in your career. Include information about yourself, such as education and any awards or recognitions that you may have received.The last key points include the conclusion. In this section, you want to reflect on the goal that you have set out in the introduction and the content of the essay. If you feel that you have given a fair assessment of your performance, then you are ready to move on to the next step.Lastly, there are a few details that you should look for. For example, do you want to make a positive or negative statement? You also want to keep the tone of the essay in mind, making sure that it doesn't become too serious or too light.Now that you know the key points that you need to take into consideration when writing an essay for a college application, you should have an easier time of it. Make sure that you make these points clear in your essay, including an introduction and the content. Also, you should make sure that your essay makes a strong statement regarding the goals you have set out in the introduction.Once you have done this, you should now have a good understanding of how to write an essay for a college application. Just remember that the essay is not the place to read the 'facts'. It is a good place to start, however, to find out what others think about you.

Essay on Value Chain Analysis Ba - 626 Words

Value chain analysis Primary activities Inbound logistics Inbound logistics are about ensuring incoming materials and components are delivered on time and undamaged, are easily accessible and link to production requirements. In British airways this can apply to purchase goods for use in delivering services to customers. †¢ Ongoing relationship with suppliers †¢ BA and its suppliers work in partnership to deliver responsible procurement across the supply chain. †¢ Food and fuel be delivered at the right time Operations Operations are concerned with delivering products or services of a quality appropriate for the competitive strategy being pursued. †¢ Crew control see that each flight has the correct number†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Marketing Commercial Development Marketing Commercial Development collects and analyses customer feedback and information to find new ways of improving the service. It was the research that led to the development of the new Club World Flat Bed - the only one of its kind to be found in business class anywhere in the world. †¢ UK Ireland Marketing BA has an ongoing programme of campaigns, promotions and offers throughout the UK and Ireland. The UK Ireland Marketing teams devise and manage these initiatives, sometimes in conjunction with third parties such as the Daily Mail. †¢ Alliance Sales Alliance Sales works with the alliance partners in order to identify effective ways of selling together. †¢ Sales Strategy Drawing together data from all over the world, as well as information generated centrally, Sales Strategy help Field Sales generate effective sales strategies. The Sales Strategy teams use this information to review progress against current targets, and to devise new ways of meeting the sales goals. Service ⠝â€" On board service †¢ Special and medical meals If special dietary are required, BA can provide a suitable meal through Manage My Booking. †¢ MedicalShow MoreRelatedBritish Airwayss Environment1605 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 Introduction British Airways (BA) is the UK’s largest international scheduled airline, operating international and domestic scheduled and charter air services for the carriage of passengers, freight and mail and the provision of ancillary services. The airline flies to over 550 destinations globally and is considered to be a leader in the industry. 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Substance Abuse And Addiction Critical Health, Social...

Specific Aims. Substance abuse and addiction are critical health, social and economic problems in Maine and the United States. The estimated economic cost of substance abuse in Maine for 2012 was $1.18 billion. The number of individuals receiving treatment was up 20% over 2011 and prescription overdose deaths have tripled in the last decade. Thus, we are in desperate need of alternative treatments for substance abuse and addiction, as well as full implementation of effective prevention programs. In addition, if we can increase the number of students pursuing careers in science education, neuroscience and related biomedical research careers, we will have a positive impact not only on preventing and treating substance abuse, but also the economies of rural states like Maine. STEM-related jobs pay significantly higher than average, however, growth in these fields in Maine has been well below national levels. Improving interest and skill in STEM areas is likely to increase Maineâ€℠¢s ability to modernize its workforce and create jobs. Our overall goals are to: (1) enhance science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education in the state of Maine and (2) enhance awareness and interest in addiction science and neuroscience. Meeting these goals will help to prevent drug abuse and create an educated workforce. The University of New England (UNE) is perfectly situated to provide outreach in addiction, neuroscience and other STEM disciplines. UNE is the largestShow MoreRelatedEssay on Social Aspect of Substance Abuse1001 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction is a difficult disease that involves several different factors including biological, psychological and sociological aspects. 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Hidden Meanings Within Shakespeare s Midsummer Night s...

Helena: Hidden Meanings within Her Words. In many of Shakespeare’s literary works one can find multiple themes that reflect or question our reality. He accomplishes this by using figurative language such as metaphors and similes. Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night’s Dream encompasses many themes and apply them to certain characters or through communication between multiple characters. Helena portrays themes of love, betrayal, jealousy, and gender norms in Midsummer Night’s Dream presenting them through her speech and behavior. She depicts the challenges of a woman and also the flaws of human nature. In Act 2 scene 1 and Act 3 scene 2 Helena uses a metaphor twice which emulates these themes presenting us a broader understanding of her representation within the play and the play as a whole. Following are lines from Helena. Act II.1 HELENA â€Å"I am your spaniel, and Demetrius. Line 204 The more you beat me, I will fawn on you. Use me but as your spaniel - spurn me, strike me, Neglect me, lose me; only give me leave Unworthy as I am to fallow you.† Occurring in Act 2 scene 1, Helena informs Demetrius of Hermia and Lysander’s plans to run away together in hopes of winning Demetrius’s heart. After hearing about their plan, Demetrius is determined to stop Hermia and pursues after her into the woods. Helena isn’t far behind and tries to reason with Demetrius. Once again she expresses her love for him and even offers him to do anythingShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream904 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome lost within, or use as an escape from the binds of society. In A Midsummer Night s Dream, the scenes that take place in the woods are full of enchantment and mystery, but Shakespeare also uses the word wood in several very unique and distinct ways. The term is associated with several meanings and Shakespeare uses these differently throughout the play. The purpose of this essay is not to focus on the wood as a setting in the play, but how Shakespeare plays with the various meanings of w ord woodRead MoreWhy Did Freud Use Oedipis As Basis?1355 Words   |  6 PagesSHAKESPEARES PLAY-FREUD WHY DID FREUD USE OEDIPIS AS BASIS!! HAMLET Freudian theories are most prominent in Hamlet out of all Shakespeare’s plays. The most common repressed desire is that of Oedipus. In the myth Oedipus killed his father, and went on to marry his mother, without knowing who each of them were. In this myth the feelings are brought to light however in Hamlet they stay repressed. We only learn of it through the effects it causes. Hamlet is all about incest. After his father’s deathRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Sonnets : The Greatest Of All Love Poems1465 Words   |  6 Pagescome. â€Å"Shakespeare has completely dominated the English-speaking state over the last four hundred years.† When thinking of Shakespeare, his famous plays such Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet are usually the first to come to mind. However, very few people realize he was also one of the most significant writers of all time. â€Å"He [Shakespeare] was the most admired writer in the country by the time he was thirty and the owner of the grandest house in Stratford three years later† (Ashton 6). â€Å"Shakespeare livedRead MoreAnalysis Of Harold Pinter s The Lover2155 Words   |  9 Pages META-DRAMA IN HAROLD PINTER S THE LOVER (1962) AND ALFRED FARAG S GAWAZ ALA WARAQET TALAQ (MARRIAGE ON A DIVORCE CONTRACT) (1973) The main aim of this paper is to study the concept of meta-drama in Harold Pinter s The Lover (1962) and Alfred Farag s Gawz Ala Waraqet Talaq (Marriage on A Divorce Contract) (1973). This paper will first examine the apparent reality of each play as a whole. This picture will be mainly based on the impressions, or prejudices, which the audience carriesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

History and Future of Operation Management free essay sample

School of Economics and Business Administration Research Paper Jens-Antti Andersen, Tallinn, Estonia, 2013 Table of Content 1. History3 1. 1 Industrial Revolution3 1. 2 Scientific Management – Ford and Taylor4 2. Future4 2. 1 Future Trends – Bitcoins and 3D Printing4 3. Discussion4 1. History 1. 1 Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution started in 1770 in England, and spread from there to the rest of the Europe and North America around the 19th century. During this time it was common that the production consisted of single and simple products, made by one skilled handcraft man from its beginning to its end. Later on during the 18th century some remarkable innovation transferred the way of production forever. Steam machine which was the most revolutionizing, because it provided a source of power to operate machines in factories. Followed by the spinning Jenny and the power loom. Production moved from costly and time taking production of single handcraft men to faster production with a bigger volume. Craft production had major shortcomings. We will write a custom essay sample on History and Future of Operation Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because products were made by skilled craftsmen who custom fitted parts, production was slow and costly. And when parts failed, the replacements also had to be custom made, which was also slow and costly. A major change occurred that gave the Industrial Revolution a boost: the development of standard gauging systems. This greatly reduced the need for custom-made goods. Factories began to spring up and grow rapidly, providing jobs for countless people who were attracted in large numbers from rural areas. 1. 2 Scientific Management – Ford and Taylor Observation, measurement, analysis and improvement of work methods, and economic incentives, those were the factors that Frederick Winslow Taylor believed in a scientific management. Taylor is referred as the father of scientific management. He studied the methods of working by detail and identified the most efficient way to progress. The relation between employee and employer was essential. The management should be responsible for planning, carefully selecting and training workers, finding the best way to perform each job, achieving cooperation between management and workers, and separating management activities from work activities. . Future 2. 1 Future Trends – Bitcoins and 3D Printing Thus it is the future, or if it is already a reality of today can be discussed 3. Discussion I came across with an interesting lecture about the accelerating speed of technology. Inventor, entrepreneur and visionary Ray Kurzweil explains in abundant, grounded detail why, by the 2020s, we will have reverse-engineered the human brain and nanobots will be operating your consciousness. Ray Kurzweil is an engineer who has radically advanced the fields of speech, text, and audio technology. Hes also one of our finest thinkers, revered for his dizzying yet convincing writing on the advance of technology, the limits of biology, and the future of the human species. I checked out his speech of the accelerating speed of technology on ted. com. Lot of interesting statements made which also covers this topic. H describes how he managed to build a mathematical model to keep track where technology would be in different points in time. One of his statements is that people tend to think of the development of technology in a linear way. They assume they’re going to develop a problem  or address a problem using todays tools,  at todays pace of progress,  and fail to take into consideration this exponential growth. He showed a few examples of how pervasive this phenomenon is. For example that it took almost half a century to develop the telephone. Cellphone was adopted in 8 years. Both Technology an biology are evolutionary process – it accelerate. They work through interaction they create a capability,  and then it uses that capability to bring on the next stage. Imaging what this means in order for the operation management. The technology development will increase exponentially. The capacity will be there, but the mindset to engage this new found capacity is simply not there, maybe there it is, but here it is nowhere to be found in the scope of things. An entrepreneur seeks the solution which results in maximal increase of revenue. It is simply rational behaviour. Weither it is green technology, 3D printing, the entrepreneur of the revolutionary innovations will always direct it towards where the money is. As the steam power where primarly owned by the church, because they where the one with power and money at that time, not the agriculture that probably wouod have been the one with largest demand. That is something to take in account in future also. New innovations that revolutionize the production line will be where the money is. Then the question is how much of the possible capacity wiol be able for the whole public? And for what price? 3D printing is a pretty nascent technology and reviews I have seen say the output can be quite rough.

Vitamin C lab report free essay sample

Vitamin C, also called ascorbic acid, is a water soluble vitamin. It is a powerful reducing agent that is able to decolourise blue DCPIP (2. 6-dichlorophenol indophenols). The decolourisation of DCPIP can therefore be used to calculate the vitamin C content of a variety of fruit juices. Research Question – To determine how the content of Vitamin C (%) will differ in fresh fruits (orange, mango, lemon, lime, blackcurrant, pineapple) from that in processed fruit juices (orange, pineapple) by adding drops of the aforementioned fruit juices to DCPIP until the DCPIP gets decolorized. Variables Independent Variable – Type of fruit juice used (fresh or processed). NB: the juice from the fruits was freshly squeezed during the experiment. Dependent Variable – Amount of fruit juice it takes to decolourize the DCPIP in cm3 (Â ±0. 2cm3) Controlled Variables – 1) Concentration of DCPIP was the same in all the samples. A larger amount of it was prepared for this case. 2) The same amount of DCPIP was added in each test-tube (1 cm3) using the same 5cm3 syringe 3) All the fruit juices, fresh and processed, were diluted five times. We will write a custom essay sample on Vitamin C lab report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The same 5cm3 syringe was used to add drops of fruit juices in the test tubes 5) State of decolourization – one sample of decolourised DCPIP was used as a basic one (one with 0. 1% ascorbic acid) and later all the fruit juices with DCPIP were compared with the sample. The decolourization should have been the same in both the samples. 6) The other control was similar to (5) above, but instead of having ascorbic acid, it had distilled water. It was used to show that only vitamin C can decolourize DCPIP Materials 10 Test Tubes 2 x 5cm3 syringes (Â ±0. 2cm3) (pipettes were not available so syringes were used) 3 x 20 cm3 beakers Label the test tubes, then slowly pipette 1 cm3 of DCPIP into each test tube Safety! – DCPIP is corrosive and toxic. Wash of any spills with water 2) Take 5cm3 of 0. 1 % ascorbic acid using a syringe 3) Add the ascorbic acid drop by drop into the first test tube, gently shake the tube after each drop is added. As soon as the DCPIP becomes decolourized, note the volume of ascorbic acid that was added 4) Wash syringe and beaker. Into the second test tube, add the same volume of distilled water as ascorbic acid that you added in test-tube 1. Gently shake the tube and note observations. 6) Dilute all juices to be tested 5 times using a measuring cylinder. 7) Add the first sample of juice drop, gently shake the tube after each drop is added and note the volume added in order to decolourize the DCPIP. Continue the same way for other fruit juices Do not forget to wash out the beaker and the pipette after each juice is used 8) Lastly, calculate the concentration of ascorbic acid present in each fruit juice: Data Collection – Qualitative – Table 1: Colour change in each liquid test Tube Liquid test Colour 1 0. 1% ascorbic acid (control) colourless 2 Distilled water (control) No change 3 0range juice(fresh) colourless 4 Lemon colourless 5 Mango colourless 6 Lime colourless 7 blackcurrant magenta 8 pineapple colourless 9 Processed orange juice Turns light purple/maroon 10 Processed pineapple juice Pink From the table on the previous page it can be seen already that most fresh fruit juices have high amounts of vitamin C as they completely decolourise the DCPIP (comparing to test tube 1 which is the control). Moreover, both of the processed juices seem to have lower amounts of DCPIP as they hardly change from their original colour (purple). None of the final colours were similar to that with distilled water, showing that all of them had some amount of ascorbic acid. Quantitative Data In the following table, the test-tube with distilled water will not be taken into account as the DCPIP was not decolourized. Table 2: amount of volume required to decolourise DCPIP in each liquid test Tube Liquid Test Volume (cm3/(Â ±0. 2cm3) added to decolorize DCPIP 1 0. 1% ascorbic acid (control) 0. 6 3 0range juice(fresh) 2 4 Lemon 3. 1 5 Mango 3 6 Lime 2. 9 7 blackcurrant 18 8 pineapple 6 9 Processed orange juice 20 10 Processed pineapple juice 18 The data in this table supports the qualitative results. It should be noted that due to time constraints, for test-tube 7, 9 and 10 the experiment was stopped as they didn’t change colour quickly and continuing the experiment would have been time consuming. The fact that they decolourised from their original colour was taken as proof that ascorbic acid was present. Data Processing Using this formula the concentration of ascorbic acid in all the liquids was found Volume of 0. 1 % ascorbic acid is 0. 6 cm3 (Â ±0. 2cm3). Table 3: Concentration of ascorbic acid (%) in liquid tests Tube Liquid Test Volume (cm3/(Â ±0. 2cm3) added to decolorize DCPIP Concentration of ascorbic acid (%) 1 0. 1% ascorbic acid (control) 0. 6 3 0range juice(fresh) 2 0. 03 4 Lemon (fresh) 3. 1 5 Mango (fresh) 3 6 Lime (fresh) 2. 9 7 Blackcurrant (fresh) 18 8 Pineapple (fresh) 6 9 Processed orange juice 20 10 Processed pineapple juice 18 Presenting Processed Data The following bar graph shows the amount of vitamin C present in each of the liquid tests. It shows that test tubes 7, 9 and 10 have the least amounts of Vitamin C while from the fruit juices, test tube 3 has the highest amount of vitamin c. Note: test tube 1 is a control with ascorbic acid (0. 1%). Graph 1: Concentration of Ascorbic acid (%) against fruit juices From Table 3, it can be seen that greater the volume of liquid required to decolourise the DCPIP, smaller the concentration of ascorbic acid (%) in the solutions. The following graph shows this relationship even more clearly. The plots were joined using a trend line so that the trend can be seen more clearly. Graph 2: Concentration of ascorbic acid (%) against Volume (cm3/(Â ±0. 2cm3) added to decolorize DCPIP The following graph shows that the concentration of ascorbic acid (%) in the fresh fruits (indicated by the blue diamond-shaped dots) is higher than the concentration in processed fruit juices (indicated by the blue squares). All the points in the fresh fruits line are higher than those in the processed fruit line. Since we could not get the processed juices for all the fresh fruits, the following graph will focus on the vitamin C concentrations of orange and pineapple, both fresh and processed. Graph 3:Fresh orange and Processed orange Graph 4: Fresh pineapple and Processed Pineapple Juice This clearly shows that there is a higher vitamin C concentration in the fresh fruits (3 and 8) than in the processed fruit juice (9 and 10) Conclusion Putting the above results from highest Vitamin C concentration to lowest; Ascorbic Acid (1st) Fresh Orange Juice Fresh lemon Fresh Mango Fresh Lime Fresh pineapple Fresh Blackcurrant Processed Orange juice Processed Pineapple juice Distilled water (last) From this ranking, it can be said that from the fruit juices/ Fresh orange juice (0.03%) has the highest amount of Vitamin C and the processed fruit juices (orange, pineapple) have the lowest amount (0. 003%) Even though only 2 comparisons could be made (Graph 4 and 5), the results of this investigation illustrate without any doubt that fresh fruit juices(orange, mango, lemon, lime, blackcurrant, pineapple) have a higher concentration of ascorbic acid (%) than do processed fruit juices (pineapple, orange). The research question can thus be answered as: the concentration of Vitamin C is higher in fresh fruits than processed juices. Therefore, if our diet consists more of the fresh fruits above, we will gain a higher amount of vitamin C in our bodies. Evaluation 1) Oranges are ranked as world’s healthiest fruits because of their high Vitamin C concentration. One orange has 69. 62mg of Vitamin C and can supply 116. 2% of the daily value1. This fact is consistent with the findings of the experiment, where the concentration of ascorbic acid in fresh orange is the highest from all the samples tested (0. 03%) 2) All the fruits used were fresh and bought on the same day. This increased reliability of the results since the age of the fruit may affect Vitamin C content. 3) Water was used as a control in the experiment to ensure the fact that only items with vitamin C can decolourize DCPIP. 4) A syringe was used to drop the fruit juices in to the test tubes since a pipette was not available. The problem with a syringe is that if too much pressure is applied, the entire solution can be poured out and it has an uncertainty of (Â ±0. 2cm3). Maybe it would have been better to use a burette, which also has a lower uncertainty (3) 5) We were told that the concentration of ascorbic acid provided was 0.1%. We were not however sure because we did not see it being made. In this case, we should have made the solution to that concentration ourselves, or the lab technician should have made it in front of us. 6) A limitation of this investigation was that the maturity stage of the fruits was not determined. Vitamin C concentration decreases during the ripening process. Unripe fruits have more ascorbic acid than the ripe ones. Since the ripening stage was not informed, the ascorbic acid concentration could have varied and therefore affected the results of the experiment. Even the position of the fruits on the tree was not known; sunlight exposure enhances vitamin C levels. Maybe some fruits were on the shadier side showing low levels of vitamin C. 7) The observations in this experiment were made solely by the eye. There was thus huge room for human error, as sometimes, two drops could seem one drop. In this case, two people could have been used to watch the drops and increase reliability of results 8) Blackcurrant is a fresh fruit which has a very high concentration of vitamin C. However the results of this investigation showed otherwise. This may indicate a shortcoming in the experiment because this fruit was the only one which did not show a high concentration of vitamin C. Maybe the juice became a bit too dilute. This could have been rectified if time had allowed. Due to time constraints, this experiment was only carried out once. In order to obtain reliable results however, the experiment should have been carried out three times, and the average volume of liquids required to decolourize could have been obtained, giving a more realistic picture of the concentrations. Another limitation was that besides orange and pineapple, the processed juices of other fresh fruits were not available and so they could not be directly compared to each other. However, the results did show that processed fruit juices had low Vitamin C content. 10) If time would have permitted, the experiment for 7, 9 and 10 should have been continued so as to obtain the exact end point when the DCPIP got decolorized and therefore get the exact concentration of ascorbic acid (%) in those liquid tests.

Camera Essays

Camera Essays Camera Essay Camera Essay In these high tech times, it is not so difficult to find a solution: closed circuit television (CATV) cameras. Till even a few months ago, this was an expensive proposition. NO longer. Purchase is easy, you can buy them Off the shelf or even online. Global companies such as Alba, Axis and Busch offer good professional options, and now there are domestic brands such as Zoom and Godard as well. How do you go about the process? Here are some easy tips: LOCATION You may want to cover every possible square inch of your home, but remember, not every location really NEEDS a camera. And there are private paces you should avoid! A camera door phone for your front door, and one or two indoors for, say, your childs play area are sufficient. For the first, Alba rumen is an example. For the latter, a network camera from IT companies such as Idling, Fascia or Axis may be your solution. Speak to an expert to install this camera. FIXED OR MOVING Once you have zeroed in on the areas, the next big question is, what type of camera do you want? Broadly there are two types of cameras: fixed, and pan, tilt and zoom (OPT). There are sub-categories as well. Fixed cameras can only face one direction the one in which it is set up. If you want to change direction, it means having a go at it with some tools. If you want to change the location altogether, that means calling in the professional. OPT cameras come with a motorized base, which can be programmed to sweep an area. This it does by turning left and right alternately, like a table fan. It can also be remotely controlled to look somewhere specific and then zoom in. Fixed cameras are a good option for indoor use when you want to monitor specific sections. OPT cameras are good for places like your buildings driveway, where you want to put just one camera but want a wider coverage. WIRED OR WIRELESS? For basic monitoring, wireless cameras work well, but bayou are looking at a security solution for an entire building, wired may be the better alternative. Most wireless CATV cameras work on the 2. GHz Wife frequency, but since this band is getting congested, we recommend you choose a camera that works on a GHz frequency. On the wired front, you get TTY. 0 types of cameras, the legacy analog type that takes a co-axial cable (the same cable that is used to connect your satellite dish to your set top box) or an ether net cable. Ethernet-based cameras are slightly more expensive than co-axial nest, but you can control and access them directly using your smartened. Also, Ethernet cabling is easier installed.

Assessment Plan on College Algebra Research Paper

Assessment Plan on College Algebra - Research Paper Example Three categories of learning outcomes are applied in an algebra course. The outcomes are skills, attitude, and knowledge. Knowledge outcome illustrates discipline methods and processes. The students are expected to understand algebraic formulas and expressions, and then apply them to solve mathematical and scientific questions and problems. Students have adequate knowledge through the correct and effective application of the formulas and expressions. The skills outcome illustrates the approaches needed to effectively understand the algebra discipline. An effective algebra course equips the learners with adequate knowledge of skills such as; critical thinking, research, and communication (Boyer, 2011). Critical thinking enables students to analyze mathematical problems, and then illustrate the most appropriate solution for the problem. Research skills enable the student to adequately collect, analyze and present statistical information, during research projects. The communication skil ls of the students are enhanced because the ability to present and share information on statistical issues is enhanced. Attitude outcome addresses the appreciation of the algebra concepts by the students. The students must understand the importance, and the application, of algebra in the society. The algebra concepts are applicable in many work environments, for instance, engineering, and finance. The algebra is also greatly applied in research; for example, quantitative research in projects, and also in marketing research.

De Beers Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

De Beers - Case Study Example This $400 million employs 760 people, working day and night. De Beers is at present being faced with a quantity of new challenges that are making it essential for us to believe a change in the way that they do business. With new chaos in Western Africa, where illegal diamonds are starting to come from war torn villages, as well as other sources of diamonds are being discovered in Russia as well as Australia, it is obvious that they seriously need to start to move into the U.S. market. Antitrust law permits the imposition of a maximum fine of $10 million, or twice the gain or loss caused by a price-fixing scheme. The indictment does not specify how much the scheme cost purchasers of industrial diamonds. (http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/10/business/worldbusiness/10diamond.htmlex=1247112000&en=20aa08705cd558b8&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland) A PEST analysis has been performed on the current situation facing De Beers. In the following section, I will focus on the most important problems identified in the PEST analysis for which we must find solutions and also on the most important positive forces that we must leverage to our advantage in order to maintain or gain market share. Please see Exhibit 1 for details on the PEST analysis and additional information on other issues we are facing and forces that might help or hinder our market share in the U.S. The most important of the problems we are faced with are due to Political issues in the United States and elsewhere. Due to war in western Africa, diamonds are beginning to flow from the war torn fields of Sierra Leone and Angola, and in Russia, mines are being controlled locally as opposed to in collaboration with De Beers. These challenges alone pose a threat to the power that De Beers currently holds over the diamond industry. Due to these challenges, we initiated a branding campaign attempting to brand De Beers diamonds to the consumers. This campaign was cantered in the U.S., where "legally, the entire De Beers group - its officers, its operations, its marketing structure - was in violation of the U.S. antitrust law" .This prohibited De Beers from directly selling in the United States. Additionally, a political issue that we need to leverage to our advantage is the U.S. foreign policy towards helping to rebuild Africa. These political issues will be further addressed in the reco mmendations section. Economically, there is an expected surge in diamond sales expected to occur in the U.S. this year. This emphasizes

To What Extent Does the Media Affect Body Image in Teens and Their Perception of Beauty Essay Example for Free

To What Extent Does the Media Affect Body Image in Teens and Their Perception of Beauty Essay There is no question that the Media has a massive impact on how we perceive ourselves, particularly when it comes to our beauty. From my own experience, I have questioned my own body due to articles in magazines promoting a slimmer body type to various audiences. We shape our opinions through what the Media tells us is right and wrong. For instance, women and young girls are judged highly on their weight and appearance where as men are judged more on their masculinity and muscularity. As the Media is a massive topic, I will focus on looking at magazines, in particular adverts, and how they portray beauty and how we then observe the Medias idea of ‘perfection’. I will also be looking at the effects of exposure to these magazines and adverts to teenagers; one particular focus will be the influences of the Media on Anorexia. â€Å"Low self-esteem contributes to a distorted body image, and the distorted body image cant be fully corrected until self-esteem issues are reconciled. If we don’t address the problem (the problem being the Media labelling a certain body type as perfect) then the issue of low self-esteem in women is never going to stop. Over 90% of people diagnosed with eating disorders are adolescent or young women, so why do young women and adolescents feel the need to go to these drastic measures to stay skinny? While the Media is not the only factor that can be contributed to the rise in Anorexia, it is a significant aspect. It’s no surprise that teenagers are obsessed with thinness and weight loss because of the way Media promotes a skinny figure to women through the constant images of celebrities’ bodies and also articles that talk about bettering our lives through our appearance. The Media promotes a skinny figure through constant articles in magazines on celebrities’ figures, for example, Star magazine has shown the same front cover advertising â€Å"45 best worst beach bodies† seven times. I believe that this is going to contribute to women having a negative body image as they constantly compare themselves to the celebrities in these magazines and deciding whether they have an â€Å"acceptable figure† due to the ones advertised as the â€Å"best†. Personally, I think it’s the mix of women’s obsession with celebrities and a low self-esteem that creates a negative body image. Approximately one in every one hundred teenage girls may develop an Eating Disorder. Body dissatisfaction is a reoccurring motif especially in women as they are constantly exposed to celebrities and advertisements from such a young age. I had to create a presentation to my peers based on my topic question earlier this year. I decided that I wanted to get real opinions on whether the content of these magazines were suitable for the magazines target audience. I gave them four popular girl magazines (Bliss, Mizz, Shout and Look), which girls ranging from 10-17+ were reading. I asked them to order the magazines from the lowest target audience to the highest, basing the order solely on the content of the magazines. Surprisingly, my peers put the magazines in the right order. However, they were still shocked by the audiences that these magazines were targeted at because the content of these magazines was not appropriate for children of that age. Bliss magazine, is initially targeted at girls aged 13-17; the class all said that â€Å"It was targeted at 16+ because of the ‘Stone’s style solutions’ that promote platform heels which aren’t appropriate for girls of 13 years. † Furthermore, Bliss magazine shows an article on ‘Pamper perfect’ showing young girls how to get the A-list look ‘without the A-list price tag. My peers decided that Bliss magazine is subtlety influencing young girls on how they can better themselves where as Look magazine, which is targeted at girls from 16-34; manipulate girls into changing their body to better themselves. This shows the diversity between magazines that are targeted at girls below 16 and those targeted at girls above 16. In both Bliss and Look magazine, they use a very slim model to advertise their clothes. Even though Bliss uses a teenage model and Look uses an adult, they both use a particular frame of woman. Mizz magazines’ target audience is from 10-14 years. Mizz’ articles, in my opinion, are suitable for the target audience because they don’t focus on celebrity lifestyle and focusing on a negative body image. Shout magazines’ seems to focus on females between 10-15 years. However, Shout magazine, targeted at females between the ages of 11-14, shows little articles involving models and looks more at celebrities and real life stories. As we live in a society, which is more obsessed with how we look, rather than what we do, it’s no wonder that women are both mentally and physically abused by the Media. This is a gut feeling of mine based on the content of agazines. From my own opinion, I see more articles congratulating celebrities on losing weight rather than their success in their career. How the Media advertises products and articles in magazines have a bigger affect on us than we initially think. On average whilst watching television, women come across around 400 to 600 adverts a day. In light of this, if in only 50% of the adverts we see thin models, then even this could have a negative affect on how we perceive our own body and also how we compare it to what the Media label as â€Å"perfect† which is usually undernourished models. By repetitively using the same figure of model, this will also stay in the sub-conscious mind of the audience. This technique of advertising is called subliminal messaging. When subliminal messages are first seen or heard, we are unable to identify what it is. In fact they may be ignored by the conscious brain and be beyond the level of conscious perception. A new study by Prof. Naomi Mandel, as sited in CBS News, has shown companies that feature normal size women, better known, as â€Å"plus-size† are less effective than those that use thin models. It also found out that overweight and normal-weight females have a lower self-esteem after seeing â€Å"plus-size† models in advertisements. I found these results quite interesting as I presumed that women who saw â€Å"plus-size† models would make them have a higher self-esteem because they have a similar body to the models in the advertisement. Additionally Jeremy Kees, a professor at Villanova University, believes that women expect to see beautiful women in advertisements, even if it makes them feel worse about themselves. In one of his studies, Kees found that even though the women felt bad about themselves after looking at the adverts, they evaluated that the brands were selling higher, and those ads which used average size models, their brands sales has decreased. Although, another source reported that women have lower levels of weight concerns after exposure to average and overweight models than after the exposure to ultra thin and even no models. This could be because women would feel accepted by society for their body size because the Media believes its okay. In my eyes, the Media always promote a very slim figure. Furthermore, a social psychologist’s research has suggested that average sized models are just as effective as thin models. But what do the public really want to see? Karl Langerfield, Head Designer of the Fashion house Chanel, said that: â€Å"the world of fashion was all to do ‘with dreams and illusions, and no one wants to see round women. † After reading both these studies, I decided to create an experiment that was heavily influenced by the experiments that the University of Sussex had conducted on self-discrepancy. One of these experiments was to see if advertisements that use models are more effective than those that don’t use any model. Also, I wanted to see if Prof. Naomi Mandel has the correct theory that advertisements are less effective with ones that use â€Å"plus-size† models or ultra-thin models. Additionally, the experiment that claims women have lower levels of weight concern after exposure to average models wasn’t conducted on teenagers and I wanted to see if teenagers find adverts with â€Å"plus-size† models more or less effective than ultra-thin models. The other experiment that was conducted on children between 5 and 6 years was to see if a specific body image does have an affect on how we perceive ourselves. They had three separate groups of girls who were all told the same story however, one group had images of Barbie, the ultra-thin doll; one group had images of Emme, the average-size doll and one group had no dolls included. Each girl was then told to fill out a self-discrepancy chart and highlighted the body they thought they had compared to the body they would like to have. The results from this showed that the discrepancy was higher in those that saw Barbie compared to the other doll. This shows a link to what heavily influences girls between what they see and their sub-conscious mind. The main objective for my experiment was to see whether adverts that use skinny models are more effective on us as a public, than those that don’t use any type of model and also to explore into the world of subliminal messaging and how it plays on the sub-conscious mind. I wanted to see if this type of advertising really does work. I carried out this experiment twice because I wanted to make sure I had clear and thorough results. I used a group of twenty students between the ages of 14 and 16 of which ten boys and ten were girls. The boys were given adverts targeted at males and the girls were given adverts targeted at females. Half of each gender was given adverts that feature models of the same sex and the other half were given adverts that featured only the products and no models. Each person that had the same booklet was all sat on a table and they would discuss the adverts. As I was walking around, I was listening to what they were asking each other about the adverts shown to them: â€Å"What is your opinion of the advert? What is the focal point for the advert? Whom is this advert targeted at? † I was surprised by the results I got from also the comments I got from both genders. All the girls that had models advertising the perfume in their adverts wanted to lose weight, and out of the 20 girls that took part, 90% overall wanted to lose weight. A lot of the girls described the models as â€Å"plain† and that â€Å"the majority of the models were skinny and blonde. This was a popular opinion with all the girls and I wondered why even though they thought the models looked plain and they weren’t envious of the models, why did all the girls want to lose weight? One girl gave an interesting point that even though Emporio Armani used Beyonce Knowles, who is African-American, to advertise their products; they thought that it was unclear of her skin colour and that they might have used a black and white image so that it would open up to a wider audience. This links back to a previous point that companies always advertise a certain frame of a model to women because this is what they believe as â€Å"perfect. Even though all the girls who didn’t have the models in their adverts had a lower discrepancy, this could be because they might have recognized the adverts from seeing them before or they could genuinely have a low self-esteem. However, what the University of Sussex had discovered was that average size models had no negative affect on body image with women. Even though I had done this experiment on boys too, I decided not to use their results as I felt they didn’t contribute to any of my product. Also, I wanted to focus on teenage girls and their perception of beauty. I was please with how the experiment was carried out and found it was a success with all the participants and the results I received were clear and reliable. However, if I was to carry this experiment out again, then I would do it with adults and also primary school children so then I could compare each set of results with one another and also I would to show how our opinions differ as we mature and also, to show who is more affected by the Medias constant advertise of celebrities and particularly the â€Å"size-0† figure. Also, I wish that I had shown them adverts that used â€Å"plus-size† models to see which one gave them a lower self-discrepancy as this would have been more relevant to the objective of my product. When I first started this topic, I began to realise how much pressure young girls are under to look good through the articles in magazines and the constant need to look at celebrities. After this, I decided that I wanted to find out if young girls and boys are actually affected by this pressure or if it is just my opinion. I created a questionnaire and gave it to secondary pupils between the ages of 11-16. I wanted to keep the questionnaires anonymous because I know these people and it could have influenced the way I interpret their answers. I don’t regret making these questionnaires however I was hoping for more detailed answers. I printed out 100 questionnaires and gave 10 to 10 tutors in my college. I wanted to give them out in tutor because they would have at least half an hour to fill out my questionnaires so they would be able to go into great detail and really think about their answers. However, I had difficulty with my questionnaires and the public doing them. Firstly, I had to print them in black and white to save ink at school; however the images I used were not clear enough in black and white so this could have affected my results. Secondly, when I received the questionnaires, there was minimal detail and also the majority of the participants were pretending to be funny in their questionnaires and didn’t provide the evidence I needed so they were invalid. On the other hand, there were questionnaires that I could use that gave detailed answers. 1% of all the results think the Media are the main cause of having a certain figure however 27% thought their friends pressured them to fit in with everyone else. However, their friends must get this idea of what is acceptable from somewhere. Could this be from the Media? In my appendix, I have included some tables, which include the results from the questionnaires I made. I found the graphs difficult to make, as I wasn’t sure how to break down the categories. Did I do it by year or by gender? The graphs were done on a trial and error basis however I felt like they were done in a correctly in the end. Another study found that 27% of the girls that they carried an experiment out on that felt the Media pressure them to have a perfect body. Even though this shows that other girls in other studies are affected by the Media, it’s not so reliable in my essay as I’m not sure of how many girls were asked, how old they were or where in the world this experiment was carried out. Eating disorders like Anorexia are caused by a physiological disorder within a person and how they view their own body. The sufferer believes that they are overweight so they take extreme actions like dieting, fasting and even starving themselves just so they feel what they believe to be ‘beautiful. ’ There are many reports; mostly around the time of London Fashion Week that fashion models have used this technique. However, it’s not only women in the fashion world who suffer with this disorder, other professions like ballet dancers and athletes show a high number of people who have/had Anorexia. Personality plays a big part in eating disorders. People who suffer with Anorexia Nervosa usually are perfectionists and overachievers’. People who suffer from Anorexia work relentlessly towards a thinner body because they feel that this will promise them beauty, success and happiness. The victims usually want to feel accepted by society however they do not feel valued by others. Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa are most common in white people in western societies. This shows a direct link to how our society looks at behaviours and expectations of the public compared to eating disorders. Not only in the Western hemisphere is there a link towards the ethnicity of people with eating disorders, a study in Fiji showed a sudden increase in eating disorders among young women since the arrival of television in 1995, (Fearn, 1999). This also shows a strong link between the social and cultural factors. I have seen that there is a number of ways that that the Media can alter teenage girls’ perception of beauty. As I have found, magazines use the same frame of model to promote clothing and will openly slate people’s bodies if they feel they are not â€Å"good enough. Also, magazines will always show articles on how girls and women can change or correct themselves so that they are up to a standard that the Media thinks is acceptable. As humans, it has been known that we always want what we can’ have but is this just apart of our human nature? of this will make girls doubt their own body, even though I found from my own research that girls are not envious of the models in advertisements, they still wanted to lose weight and illustrated they were unhappy with themselves. This was proven through my questionnaires as 79% of the girls admitted to not being happy with their body. Although we as a public may claim to want to see women of a normal size modelling products aimed at us, fashion designers that are in charge decide what we are shown, and this could be where the problem is. Referring back to a point that Karl Langerfield, he claims that â€Å"the world of fashion was all to do ‘with dreams and illusions, and no one wants to see round women†. Even though we may openly say that we want to see designers use curvier bodies to promote their range of clothing or do we as a public secretly see want to see a skinnier frame of model? This links in with a point made earlier about my experiments. Even though all the girls admitted they weren’t jealous of the girls frame, they still wanted a lower discrepancy. So are fashion designers after all giving the public what they can’t admit to wanting? Also, Diane Von Furstenberg claimed that â€Å"To be a model, you have to be skinny. In conclusion, I have found that it’s clear that there are so many different opinions and that it’s hard to identify the general overview to this question without finding exceptions. I feel positive that I have found that the Media can affect teenagers and their perception of beauty but that it varies between person to person as my questionnaires have shown. However, if we are aware of the potential effects, then in theory, we ca n find solutions to these issues; surely that is the most important lesson we can take away from this?

Essay --

There are many drug cartels in the country of Mexico, but one of the most powerful drug trafficking organization in the world being the Sinaloa Cartel. A drug trafficking, money laundering, and organized crime group that still remains the strongest in the country and has the largest presence nationwide. It was founded in 1989 in the city of Culiacan, Sinaloa. The youngest city just up the northwest of Mexico. Not only is it known as the Sinaloa Cartel, it was also known as La Alianza de Sangre, meaning Blood Alliance. Hector Palma, a drug lord that was in charge of the cartel was arrested in the year of 1995 and passed it on to one of his well known business partner, Joaquin â€Å"El Chapo† Guzman. In that time period, he took leadership and is now currently running it. He is considered to be the second generation of drug smugglers along with many other individuals such as Rafael Quintero, Ernesto Carrillo, and Miguel Gallardo. These second generations were brought to the cartel through connections from family relations, especially Joaquin â€Å"El Chapo† Guzman. The first generation dates b...

Managing Change

In any organization change is something which is inevitable therefore it is the responsibility of the manager of any given organization to ensure that the change is managed effectively.   One major mistake managers do make is that most of their times they tend to impose the change in the organization such that every employee has to abide by it.   The point is, we have to understand that change does occur but employees have to be made to go through the change gradually. Basically a change cannot take place at once; it is something which has to come gradually.   Therefore managers should not assume that once a change is started then every employee is to use the common sense to know that the change is either taking place or has taken place. What is important before change is adopted and incorporated in daily operating procedures of an organization is the individual differences in the organization.   This will help managers improve their leadership styles especially in institutions where democracy prevails.   In any business environment the main aim is to maximize the profit and minimization of losses.   If the change is going to bring positive results then it is as good as a rest. Before any restructuring or change take place in an organization, I believe it is good to understand why the change takes place, where it is from and the target group of people it is to affect.   This is because in problem solving situation, the root cause of the problem has to be identified is when possible solutions are identified.   Individual employees operating in the organization has to be made aware of the change and things explained to them more widely. The following are some of its methods followed in individual change process according to Robert Bacal(nd).   Generally there are three phases that are followed for change to take place.   The first phase is the preparation phase which is subdivided into two stages, namely: the contact and awareness stage. The contact stage is the beginning of change process. It is the sensing or predicting that change is either taking place or has taken place.   It is the preliminary state of change process.   The awareness stage is where an individual in an organization become well informed about the change.   The change is being contemplated in this stage.   The second phase of change is the acceptance phase which is also subdivided into understanding stage and positive perception stage. The understanding stage is where the individual is to conceptualize the subject matter that is analysis of the change.   This helps one to understand its nature and why it occurs. It can only take place when a detailed research has taken place.   The positive perception stage then takes place.   This is where an individual is made to view the change positively for it will help the organization improve the results it produces. Results in this case may be products produced by a company or services provided.   For this to happen change has to be given positive judgment and perception. The last phase in change process is commitment phase, which is further subdivided into four stages namely: the installation, adoption, institutionalization and internalization stage.   The installation stage is very important because it deals with the implementation of the change.   Question like how are people made to accept the change is very important.   A change which is not effectively managed will be rejected. So this becomes a crucial stage when it comes to change process.   Installation has to do with ensuring the change works in the organization and all the resources has to be used. After implementation, the change is then adopted. In the adoption stage, change now becomes something that everyone in organization is used to.   Could be its positive effects has been seen or   it might have added some value to the organization therefore   it is worthy.   The third stage in this phase is the stage of institutionalization.   The change is now taken to have a long history and regarded to be useful to the organization. It is viewed as durable, having some value and therefore it is incorporated into the daily operating procedures of the organization.   The change is made official and unanimously accepted in the running of the organization.   The last stage is the internalization where each individual is suppose to be dedicated to change.   This is because the change now becomes something which has been tested, experimented, tried and trusted by the organization. Any change should be made clear to the whole group of employees in a business organization.   This is when the employees will have faith in their leader.   It is believed that team work is the key element for good results to be obtained.   So dealing with individuals in an organization means the leader/ manager is trying to use divide and rule method and this will demoralize employees.   So for spirit of team work to be maintained things must just be done together and discussed. The change in this case must be known to everybody so that they can react to it before implementing it or else some members will not be comfortable with the change.   Piloting should be done before the actual implementation to judge whether it will bring negative or positive impact to the organization.   The feelings and interest of employees must just be considered because they always work as a team. Sources of information also matters a lot in any organization.   For example rumors spreading will confuse and misdirect the employees.   This normally occurs when information is leaked to a click of individuals.   The information should be made official from the top most person preferably the manager.   Otherwise when it comes to large companies, top most managers tend to use mass media such as television and radio system this is because the information is targeting  Ã‚   a large number of people and very much effective when the information is to be passed very fast. In conclusion effects of change will largely depend on how effective the change was implemented and the managers’ ability to ensure that the employees take the change more positively.   Therefore, he has to know the feelings and interests of employees before change take place.   He also needs to explain in time why the change is necessary. Bibliography Luecke R. (2003) Managing Change and Transition.Havard Business School press Gianna M., Enach & Herbert W. (1998) Embracing and Managing Change in Tourism.Routledge:Taylor&Francis Group publishers Peter E. & Amanda C. (1999) Managing Change: Changing the Role of Top Public Servants. Commonwealth Secretariat publishers. Ingham, G. (2000) Managing Change: A Guide to British Economic Policy.Manchester

Imperfetto Italian Imperfect Tense

â€Å"Every Sunday, when I was a kid, my nonna cooked us a big dinner.† How do you express that sentiment in Italian? It’s something that happened in the past, but since it was something that happened often, you wouldn’t use the present perfect, or il passato prossimo. In this and similar cases, which we’ll discuss throughout this article, you would use the imperfect tense. Lucky for you, this tense, l’imperfetto, is formed by adding the same endings to all three conjugations. The only difference is the typical vowel of the infinitive. What’s more, you should know that the imperfect tense is much more frequently used in Italian than in English. It expresses the English used to and is used to describe actions or conditions that lasted an indefinite time in the past. Its also used to express a habitual action in the past and to describe time, age, and weather in the past. So if you like telling stories, it’s a critical tense to learn. Adverbial Expressions That Are Commonly Used With the Imperfect Tense: a volte - at times, sometimescontinuamente - continuouslygiorno dopo giorno - day in and day outogni tanto - once in awhilesempre - alwaysspesso spesso - again and againtutti i giorni - every day How to Conjugate Regular Verbs in the Imperfect Tense Mangiare - To eat (regular verbs with -are endings) Mangiavo - I ate Mangiavamo - We ate Mangiavi - You ate Mangiavate - You (all) ate Mangiava - He/she/it ate Mangiavano - They ate Finire - To finish (regular verbs with -ire endings) Finivo - I finished Finivamo - We finished Finivi - You finished Finivate - You (all) finished Finiva - He/she/it finished Finivano - They finished Prendere - To take, to get (regular verbs with -ere endings) Prendevo - I took Prendevamo - We took Prendevi - You took Prendevate - You (all) took Prendeva - He/she/it took Prendevano - They took Using Common, Irregular Verbs Essere - To be Ero - I was Eravamo - We were Eri - You were Eravate - You (all) were Era - He/she/it was Erano - They were Fare - To do/to make Facevo - I did Facevamo - We did Facevi - You did Facevate - You (all) did Faceva - He/she/it did Facevano - They did Dire - To say, to tell Dicevo - I said Dicevamo - We said Dicevi - You said Dicevate - You (all) said Diceva - He/she/it said Dicevano - They said Examples Using L’imperfetto: Ogni domenica, quando ero un bambino/a, mia nonna ci preparava una splendida cena.  Every Sunday, when I was a kid, my nonna cooked us a big dinner.Giocavo a calcio ogni pomeriggio.  I played soccer every afternoon.Quando ero piccolo/a, mangiavo la pasta ogni giorno. When I was a kid, I ate pasta every day.La settimana scorsa, era (c’era) un tempo bellissimo!  Last week, it was really beautiful weather!Loro credevano sempre a tutto.  They always believed everything.Volevamo andare in Italia. We wanted to go to Italy.Il cielo era sempre blu.  The sky was always blue.Ogni mattina, prendevo un bel cappuccino e un cornetto vuoto. Every morning, I got a cappuccino and a plain croissant.Nel 2000, avevo quarant’anni.  In 2000, I was forty years old.Mi ricordo quello che diceva sempre mio padre: â€Å"Guarda il ceppo†!  I remember what my dad always used to say: â€Å"Take a look at the log†! (figurative the family)